Lithium batteries are also called lithium-ion batteries, the world's first lithium-ion battery was produced and commercialized by Sony in 1991.
Compared with other rechargeable batteries such as lead-acid batteries and nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, relatively safe to use, no memory effect, and do not contain lead, cadmium, mercury and other heavy metal elements that pollute the environment, so it is a more environmentally friendly battery.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) promulgated the "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)" in 2019, which states that the domestic new energy vehicle sales ratio is expected to reach 25% and the intelligent networked vehicle sales ratio to reach 30% by 2025.
Internationally, Europe has introduced the strictest carbon emission law, which will prompt major car companies to accelerate the transition to electrification, and European countries have adopted policies of direct subsidies and tax breaks to promote the long-term development of the industry.
The lithium battery industry chain is divided into upstream materials, midstream lithium-ion batteries and downstream consumer electronics, new energy vehicles and energy storage.
The upstream of the industry chain is the mining and processing of raw material resources, mainly including cobalt, lithium, graphite materials, carbon materials, etc.
The upstream mainly includes cathode materials (lithium carbonate, lithium cobaltate, ternary materials, etc.), anode materials, electrolyte, diaphragm, and other auxiliary materials.
The midstream of the industry chain mainly refers to core manufacturing and modules, connecting upstream core production and downstream vehicle applications.
According to the data in 2020, the power battery installed volume of the top 10 power battery enterprises is 58.4GWh, accounting for 92% of the total installed volume. Enterprises include Ningde Time, Kodaly, Xinwanda, Yiwei Lithium Energy, BYD, and Guoxuan Hi-Tech, etc.
The downstream of lithium battery industry chain includes consumer electronics, new energy vehicles and energy storage.
New energy vehicles are an important thrust of the current lithium battery industry explosion, with new energy vehicle sales rising from 330,000 to 1.21 million units from 2015-2019. The future demand for power batteries for new energy vehicles will continue to grow, and this will greatly increase the market demand for lithium batteries.
In addition, the application of lithium batteries in the field of electric bicycles and energy storage is also developing faster.
Lithium battery production accidents
In addition to the safety of the finished battery, we are also very concerned about the safety of the battery production process. When the electrolyte of lithium battery encounters a large amount of water, it may explode due to rapid decomposition and exotherm. In the working environment of lithium battery factory, there are flammable gas or toxic gas leaks, such as ammonia, CL2, HF, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrochloric acid, Freon, phosphoric acid, etc. The concentration of these gases exceeds the standard, there will be fire, poisoning and other dangerous hazards.
The process of environmental testing, when the battery is broken, the possibility of CO, H2, H2S leakage will occur, the site distribution and installation of fixed gas detector MIC500, MIC600 can be online detection of leaking low concentration of gases.
Fixed gas detector is suitable for detecting the content of carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide and other toxic gases in the gas leakage area. The product adopts the integrated design of sound and light alarm, which can effectively warn the danger of various gas leaks and protect the personal safety of operators.